與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)“已完成”用法連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在現(xiàn)在時(shí)間以前的某個(gè)未明確指出的過(guò)去時(shí)間內(nèi)，和它連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)要與現(xiàn)在時(shí)間有關(guān)，不能是明確地表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。

a.不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：already, yet, before, recently, lately等

I've seen the film before.

我以前看過(guò)這部電影。

Have you been there lately?

近來(lái)你去過(guò)那里嗎?

b.頻度時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：often, sometimes, ever, never, once, rarely等

We have never heard of that.

我們從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這事。

He has sometimes played tennis.

他有時(shí)打網(wǎng)球。

Big Ben has rarely gone wrong.

大本鐘很少出差錯(cuò)。

c.包含現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now, just, today, this morning, this week, this year等

I have just finished the letter now.

我現(xiàn)在剛寫(xiě)完信。

You have just missed the bus.

你剛好錯(cuò)過(guò)公共汽車(chē)。

Has he done much work today?

他今天做了很多工作嗎?

比較：already和yet用法上的區(qū)別

already常用于肯定句，置于句中。yet常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句，置于句末。但already有時(shí)也可用在疑問(wèn)句中暗示驚訝的心情。

She has already gone.

她早就走了。

Have you eaten your dinner already?

你已經(jīng)吃過(guò)飯了?

He has not come yet.

他還沒(méi)有來(lái)。

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