由which， that引導(dǎo)的從句

它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略，例如：

(1)Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在從句中作主語(yǔ))

(2)The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那個(gè)包裹快要散開了。(which / that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))

注意：代表物時(shí)多用which，但在下列情況中用that而不用which：

a)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代詞時(shí);

b)先行詞由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時(shí)，這時(shí)的that常被省略;

c)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí);

d)先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí);

e)整個(gè)句中前面已有which，who，that時(shí);

f)當(dāng)先行詞為物并作表語(yǔ)時(shí);

g)先行詞為one時(shí);

h)先行詞同時(shí)又被the only, the very ,the same修飾時(shí);

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